Climb the Belém Tower
Lisbon's most recognizable architectural landmark recently celebrated its 500th anniversary. The fort on the island was built in 1520 in honor of Vasco da Gama's discovery of the sea route to India. Therefore, there are so many marine motifs in the design: ropes, knots, astronomical figures. The sculpture of a rhinoceros, which serves as a support for one of the corner turrets, is knocked out of the theme. The exotic animal presented by the Indian Sultan impressed King Manuel I so much that they decided to immortalize the animal in stone.
Over its long history, the tower has managed to visit a fortress, a powder warehouse, a prison, customs, a telegraph office and even a lighthouse. Now it's almost empty inside. It’s worth stopping by to see a small collection of cannons, look out the window at that very rhino and admire the Tagus River from the observation deck on the roof.
Try pastel de Belen< /h3>
The most popular Portuguese sweet among tourists is sold in the pastry shop Pasteis de Belem. The institution was founded in 1837, and since the beginning of the 20th century it has been owned by the same family. The recipe for custard baskets is kept in strict confidence: only five people know the intricacies of production. All this mystery only fuels interest.
Every day the cafe serves up to 5 thousand visitors and sells about 20,000 cakes. Although the institution has several spacious halls, there is always a queue in front of the entrance. Or rather, there are even two of them – the one in which they stand behind a takeaway delicacy is usually shorter. Famous confectioners have many imitators, but no one has yet managed to reproduce the original taste.
Listen to fado
The Lisbon-born musical genre is on the UNESCO Intangible Heritage List. The origin of fado is shrouded in mystery: some researchers elevate it to the songs of sailors of the era of the Great Geographical Discoveries, others to traditional Arabic motifs. Be that as it may, by the middle of the 19th century, fado music took shape as an independent genre. At first it sounded in the taverns for the townspeople, but soon made its way to the palaces of the aristocrats.
Today, the popularity of Lisbon street music has gone far beyond Portugal. Concerts of well-known fadistas are also held in Russia, there are elements of fado in the song of the recent Eurovision winner Salvador Sobral from Lisbon. But these are all commercial varieties of the genre. In its original form, fado can be heard performed by street musicians – for example, in the historic quarter of Alfama, which is considered the small birthplace of this genre.
Look at the azulejos
If everything is not clear with fado, then one can say for sure about azulejo: this is the legacy of the Arabs who once inhabited the Iberian Peninsula. Even the name of the painted ceramic tiles goes back to the Arabic word “az-Zulaij”, which translates as “pebble”. True, Moorish tiles were very different from modern ones: they were four-colored and had only geometric ornament.
Azulejo received the usual white and blue scale in the 18th century. At the same time, ornaments replaced pictorial subjects on historical and everyday topics. Tile panels can be seen all over Portugal, but Lisbon has the most of them. Azulejos are decorated with the facades of restored buildings in the Old Town and most of the Lisbon metro stations. The artist Maria Keil alone has decorated 19 stations with ceramic panels in 25 years. There is also the Azulejo Museum in Lisbon, which displays collections of Portuguese ceramic tiles from different eras.
Ride the yellow tram
It is not often that transport has the honor of becoming a real symbol of the city. Notable examples include London's double-decker buses and New York's famous yellow cabs. In Lisbon, the transport symbol is also yellow, but these are not taxis, but trams. Charming trailers, built almost 100 years ago, run along route No. 28. The path takes about an hour, runs through the entire historical center and consists of many sharp turns, turns, ups and downs. In a word, you will definitely not be bored on the road.
For locals, this is an important means of transportation, and for tourists – popular attraction. Therefore, the yellow trams are packed all day long. To ride in a more relaxed atmosphere, either the early morning until 9 am, or the evening from 7 pm to 10 pm is suitable for a trip. In both cases, it is worth taking a women's or men's hoodie with you: the weather is quite cool in the morning and evening hours.
Of course, this is not all that you can do in the Portuguese capital. Whatever your tastes and hobbies, in Lisbon you can always find something interesting for yourself and leave a piece of your heart in the city.